Go HERE for the Trick.
In class for the treat
Follow up on M&M Color Distribution HERE
and another HERE
Thursday, October 31, 2019
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
7.3 After Pyruvate is Oxidized, the Citric Acid Cycle Completes the Energy-Yielding Oxidation of Organic Molecules
7.3 After Pyruvate is Oxidized, the Citric Acid Cycle Completes the Energy-Yielding Oxidation of Organic Molecules
Key Terms: Acetyl CoA
BELLWORK: Watch and take your own notes on the Citric Acid Cycle Khan Academy video
IN CLASS READING of Concept 7.3: Pages 148 in your text.
1. Explain the energy production limitations of glycolysis, indicating where most of the energy remains stockpiled.
2. State what must be present for the oxidation of glucose to be completed.
3. Compare where this oxidation happens in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
4. Describe what happens to pyruvate before entering the citric acid cycle.
5. State another name for the citric acid cycle.
6. List how many CO₂ molecules are created from 1 pyruvate getting oxidized and going through the citric acid cycle.
7. State how many ATPs are created by 1 Acetyl CoA completing the citric acid cycle.
8. Explain where most of the chemical energy is transferred (what are the 2 electron carriers)
9. State what will happen to these 2 electron carriers.
10. Calculate the total number of ATP, NADH, and FADH₂ created by 1 molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.
2. State what must be present for the oxidation of glucose to be completed.
3. Compare where this oxidation happens in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
4. Describe what happens to pyruvate before entering the citric acid cycle.
5. State another name for the citric acid cycle.
6. List how many CO₂ molecules are created from 1 pyruvate getting oxidized and going through the citric acid cycle.
7. State how many ATPs are created by 1 Acetyl CoA completing the citric acid cycle.
8. Explain where most of the chemical energy is transferred (what are the 2 electron carriers)
9. State what will happen to these 2 electron carriers.
10. Calculate the total number of ATP, NADH, and FADH₂ created by 1 molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.
Friday, October 25, 2019
Thursday, October 24, 2019
7.2: Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate
7.2: Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate
Key Terms: Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Substrate-Level Phosphorylation,
BELLWORK: Watch and take your own notes on the Coupled Reactions Bozeman Video
IN CLASS READING of Concept 7.2: Pages 145-147 in your text.
From page 145 (The Stages of Cellular Respiration: A Preview):
1. List the 3 metabolic stages of cellular respiration.
2. State where in the cell glycolysis takes place.
3. Describe what happens in glycolysis .
4. State where pyruvate goes in eukaryotic cells.
5. Explain what happens to pyruvate when it gets there.
6. State the part of cellular respiration that produces the CO₂ you're breathing out right now.
From page 146 (The Stages of Cellular Respiration: A Preview):
7. State where in the mitochondrion oxidative phosphorylation happens.
8. State the percentage of ATP production that comes from oxidative phosphorylation.
9. Explain how substrate-level phosphorylation is different from oxidative phosphorylation.
10. State the number of ATP molecules created by each molecule of glucose degraded by respiration.
From page 147:
11. State the literal meaning of the word glycolysis.
12. Summarize what happens during the 2 phases of glycolysis (the energy investment phase, and the energy payoff phase).
13. List the net yield of glycolysis (how many ATP and NADH?)
14. List the 3 domains of life that utilize glycolysis for their energy needs.
15. Determine whether or not CO₂ is released during glycolysis .
16. Determine whether glycolysis happens if oxygen is present or not.
1. List the 3 metabolic stages of cellular respiration.
2. State where in the cell glycolysis takes place.
3. Describe what happens in glycolysis .
4. State where pyruvate goes in eukaryotic cells.
5. Explain what happens to pyruvate when it gets there.
6. State the part of cellular respiration that produces the CO₂ you're breathing out right now.
From page 146 (The Stages of Cellular Respiration: A Preview):
7. State where in the mitochondrion oxidative phosphorylation happens.
8. State the percentage of ATP production that comes from oxidative phosphorylation.
9. Explain how substrate-level phosphorylation is different from oxidative phosphorylation.
10. State the number of ATP molecules created by each molecule of glucose degraded by respiration.
From page 147:
11. State the literal meaning of the word glycolysis.
12. Summarize what happens during the 2 phases of glycolysis (the energy investment phase, and the energy payoff phase).
13. List the net yield of glycolysis (how many ATP and NADH?)
14. List the 3 domains of life that utilize glycolysis for their energy needs.
15. Determine whether or not CO₂ is released during glycolysis .
16. Determine whether glycolysis happens if oxygen is present or not.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
7.1 Catabolic Pathways Yield Energy by Oxidizing Organic Fuels
7.1: Catabolic Pathways Yield Energy by Oxidizing Organic Fuels
Key Terms: Fermentation, Aerobic Respiration, Anaerobic Respiration, Cellular Respiration, Redox Reactions, Oxidation, Reduction, Reducing Agent, Oxidizing Agent, NAD⁺, Electron Transport Chain,
BELLWORK: Watch and take your own notes on 1.) the The Importance of Oxygen Bozeman Video AND 2.) the first 3 minutes of Redox Reactions
IN CLASS READING of Concept 7.1: Pages 141-145 in your text.
From page 141:
1. Draw a diagram that shows energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems.
2. Explain how energy flows through ecosystems, while chemicals are recycled.
3. Describe how photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be seen as opposites.
From page 142:
4. Describe what a catabolic pathway is.
5. Explain why organic compounds possess potential energy.
6. List 2 fates of the energy taken out of chemical storage.
7. State the most efficient catabolic pathway for your cells.
8. Explain how anaerobic respiration is different than aerobic respiration.
9. List 3 types of biomolecules that can be processed and consumed as fuel.
10. Write down the chemical equation for cellular respiration. Include ΔG!
11. Explain what it means when ΔG is negative.
12. Explain what a cell must do to keep working.
13. Use a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast oxidation with reduction.
From page 143:
14. Explain why oxygen is one of the most powerful of all oxidizing agents.
15. Summarize how a redox reaction (like the burning of methane) releases chemical energy that can be put to work.
16. State what the common "fuel" is for cellular respiration.
17. Explain why organic molecules that have an abundance of hydrogen are excellent fuels.
18. Explain what prevents the spontaneous combustion of glucose under normal conditions.
19. Explain how a cell slows the process of breaking down glucose.
20. Describe what gets stripped from glucose during this process.
21. Summarize the role of NAD⁺during respiration.
From page 144:
22. Explain how NAD⁺ becomes reduced to become NADH.
23. Describe what each NADH molecule formed during respiration represents.
24. List 2 ways that cellular respiration differs from the explosive combustion of liquid H₂ and O₂ seen in rocket engines.
From page 145:
25. Describe the electron transport chain. Include where in the eukaryotic cell it happens, and where in a prokaryotic cell it happens.
26. Create an analogy for oxygen "pulling" electrons down the chain.
27. Sequence the "downhill" route that most electrons travel during cellular respiration.
1. Draw a diagram that shows energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems.
2. Explain how energy flows through ecosystems, while chemicals are recycled.
3. Describe how photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be seen as opposites.
From page 142:
4. Describe what a catabolic pathway is.
5. Explain why organic compounds possess potential energy.
6. List 2 fates of the energy taken out of chemical storage.
7. State the most efficient catabolic pathway for your cells.
8. Explain how anaerobic respiration is different than aerobic respiration.
9. List 3 types of biomolecules that can be processed and consumed as fuel.
10. Write down the chemical equation for cellular respiration. Include ΔG!
11. Explain what it means when ΔG is negative.
12. Explain what a cell must do to keep working.
13. Use a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast oxidation with reduction.
From page 143:
14. Explain why oxygen is one of the most powerful of all oxidizing agents.
15. Summarize how a redox reaction (like the burning of methane) releases chemical energy that can be put to work.
16. State what the common "fuel" is for cellular respiration.
17. Explain why organic molecules that have an abundance of hydrogen are excellent fuels.
18. Explain what prevents the spontaneous combustion of glucose under normal conditions.
19. Explain how a cell slows the process of breaking down glucose.
20. Describe what gets stripped from glucose during this process.
21. Summarize the role of NAD⁺during respiration.
From page 144:
22. Explain how NAD⁺ becomes reduced to become NADH.
23. Describe what each NADH molecule formed during respiration represents.
24. List 2 ways that cellular respiration differs from the explosive combustion of liquid H₂ and O₂ seen in rocket engines.
From page 145:
25. Describe the electron transport chain. Include where in the eukaryotic cell it happens, and where in a prokaryotic cell it happens.
26. Create an analogy for oxygen "pulling" electrons down the chain.
27. Sequence the "downhill" route that most electrons travel during cellular respiration.
Monday, October 21, 2019
6.3: ATP Powers Cellular Work
6.3: ATP Powers Cellular Work by Coupling Exergonic Reactions to Endergonic Reactions
Key Terms: Endergonic Reaction, Exergonic Reaction, Energy Coupling, Phosphorylated Intermediate
BELLWORK: Watch and take your own notes on the ATP Adenosine Triphosphate Bozeman Video
IN CLASS READING of Concept 6.3: Pages 128-130 in your text.
1. List 3 main types of work a cell does, including an example for each.
2. State the special energy molecule responsible for most energy coupling in cells.
3. State the type of chemical reaction that can break the bonds between the phosphate groups of ATP.
4. Draw a picture that shows ATP undergoing hydrolysis.
5. Write the chemical equation for the hydrolysis of ATP. Include 𝚫G!
6. Explain why ATP is useful to the cell.
7. Create an analogy for the energy contained in the triphosphate tail of ATP.
8. Summarize how energy coupling using ATP hydrolysis can help a cell synthesize glutamine from glutamic acid and ammonia (a normally endergonic reaction).
9. Explain the key to coupling exergonic reactions and endergonic reactions.
10. Explain how ATP drives transport work across the cell membrane. Is this passive or active transport?
11. Explain how ATP drives mechanical work in the cell.
12. Summarize how ATP is a renewable resource for the cell.
13. Predict how much ATP humans would use up in a day if it did not get recycled.
14. Write the chemical equation for the formation of ATP from ADP and phosphate.
14. Write the chemical equation for the formation of ATP from ADP and phosphate.
15. Explain why ATP formation is not spontaneous.
16. Explain what provides the energy for ATP formation for most all organisms.
Monday, October 7, 2019
Unit 2 Progress Check
Please log on to the AP Central Class site and complete the Unit 2 Progress Check MCQ by Thursday, Oct 10th beginning of class.
Also, the Osmosis Lab is due Wednesday, October 9th.
Also, the Osmosis Lab is due Wednesday, October 9th.
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
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